| FreeBSD Admin Commands and Tools |
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| Saturday, 14 May 2011 | |
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This short guide shows most useful FreeBSD admin commands. It's only a
list of commands and parameters and is not a complete description of
those commands/apps. For more info about every command see respective man pages. If you try to run a program and is not on your FreeBSD base system look in ports with whereis program_name (and then cd to that directory and make install && rehash. Some of those commands are not in FreeBSD base system. pbzip2 -z filename.iso # better archiving time than bzip2, it scales on many cores (from ports) pbzip2 -d filename.tbz # decompress using pbzip2, p stands for parallel (from ports) top -P # show top for every CPU core lsof # list open files (available from ports) mtr # mytraceroute, traceroute+ping combined mtr --curses # run in terminal instead of X.org pgrep p_name # returns pid of process p_name vim -d file1 file2 # start vim in diff mode open both files, show differences between them gshred filename # overwrite a file to destroy its contents sockstat # list open sockets when # a terminal minimalistic calendar program, it also shows you upcoming # events (when -c to see the calendar) tail -F file1 file2 # same as tail -f file, just it display two files in the same terminal vmstat 2 7 # report kernel statistics iostat 2 7 # report I/O statistics (7 reports, once at 2 seconds) gstat # show if a hard drive or partition is busy with reads/writes iozone -a # benchmark tool for hard drive hping # test a host/firewall iperf # network benchmark ( iperf -s, iperf -i 2 -t 100 -c 10.0.0.2 -l 32K ) ttcp # measure TCP and UDP performance (ttcp -r -s, ttcp -t -s 10.0.0.2) glflow # traffic analysis tool (for high speed links) nload # network load iftop # network load slurm -i fxp0 # network load ntop # network load graphics smartmontools - port # a useful tool to get hard drive health info, is available from from ports/packages smartclt -a /dev/ad0 # utility for smartmontools ps -ef # see verbose info on running processes tcptrack -r 10 -i fxp0 # monitor TCP connections, install it from ports Other usefull tools --------------------- pfstat - for graphic monitoring of PF firewall Quick Guide to Most Important Sysadmin Tools ------------------------------------------------------ netperf - Test your router/bridge forward capacity with netperf --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Install netperf: cd /usr/ports/benchmarks/netperf make install clean Start netperf server (on port 10000): netserver -p 10000 Start netperf client to do the benchmark: netperf -c -l 60 -H 10.0.0.10 -p 10000 -t TCP_STREAM -i 10,2 -I 99,5 -- -m 64 -s 57344 -S 57344 Where: -H 10.0.0.10 is the IP of the server -t TCP_STREAM is the test type. You can have different tests, for a comprehensive list see netperf man page. Most important arew TCP_STREAM, UDP_STREAM, TCP_RR, UDP_RR -i 10,2 - maximum and minimum number of iterations (for certain confidence level) -I 99,5 - confidence level (95 or 99 and the width of the confidence interval (in our case 5) -m 64 - message size (usualy used values are 64, 4096 or 32768 |
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| Last Updated ( Monday, 25 July 2011 ) |
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